How do the version numbers of stable and LTS work?

It seems Incus 6.0.4 LTS is not graduating Incus 6.0.4 to LTS, but is actually its own version lineage and incorporates (all?) commits from prior (and higher version numbered) stable releases, such as Incus 6.11.

Can the relationship between what commits/features LTS and stable get be elaborated upon, as Linux Containers - Incus - Introduction does not go into much detail. Does the LTS release squash all prior stable efforts? Or does it cherry pick only some changes from stable?

The LTS branch cherry-picks bugfixes and minor improvements from the stable branch.

The definition of “minor improvement” is somewhat flexible and we’ve been pretty aggressive about it with Incus 6.0 LTS as it’s our first LTS release and it came out less than a year after the beginning of the Incus project. We’re likely to be more conservative in future LTS releases.

The more aggressive backport phase also only lasts 2 years. The remaining 3 years of the LTS lifespan is security-only so will not see bugfixes and improvements get backported as Incus 7.0 LTS will be out by that point.

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